Friends will Be Friends (by Susana Guaglianone)

“When you're through with life an all hope is lost, hold out

your hands cos right till the end friends will be friends”

(Freddy Mercury and Jhon Deacon)

On July 20, 1969 humanity achieved one of the greatest technological accomplisment when a man first stepped on the Moon. Everybody was peacefully interested in the three earthmen who travelled to the natural satellite.

Apollo 11 was the spaceship that transported the American astronauts Neil Amstrog, Michael Collins and Edwin Aldrins. They set off on July 16 in order to attempt this audacious mission.

As Amstrong put his feet down on the surface of the Moon, he declared his now famous line: “That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind”. The crew performed a variety of experiments on the lunar territory and collected soil samples to return to Earth. They needed to wear special space suits with a back mounted portable life support system to control the oxygen, the temperature and pressure inside the suit.

They hoisted the American flag and unveiled a plaque bearing President's Nixon signature and an engraving reading: “Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the Moon on July 1969 AD. We came in peace for all mankind.”

People all over the world watched the moonlanding on TV. Because of the reduced gravity, the astronauts could jump very high compared to Earth, and those images were very funny!

In Argentina all the inhabitants were concentrated on the heroic deed. Every spectator lived the experience as if they were the protagonists. There was a man among them, Dr Enrique Febbraro, teacher, dentist, philosopher and musician, from Lomas de Zamora.He wrote one thousand letters to one hundred countries after the event. He proposed July 20 as the date when the whole world had been friends of the three astronauts. Since then, 1969, the international Friend's day is celebrated in many countries, such as Spain and Brazil on July 20. Originally, this celebration was born in Argentina.

Villa de San Antonio del Camino (by Susana Guaglianone)

Villa de San Antonio del Camino was the original name of the City of Merlo. It was founded by Francisco de Merlo y Barbosa. He was born in Sevilla, Spain, in 1693 and died in Buenos Aires, in 1758. He served as a notary public in the Cabildo (town hall) of Buenos Aires and he started acquiring lands in the western countryside in the area called at that time Pago de las Conchas. It was surrounded by the rivers De las Conchas (now Reconquista) and Luxan (now Luján).

By 1727 Merlo had bought a large number of ranches, and his estate extended along the cities now known as Merlo, Libertad, Pontevedra, San Antonio de Padua, Mariano Acosta, Ituzaingó, Castelar, Villa Ariza, Villa General Zapiola, Moreno, Rafael Castilo, Isidro Casanova, González Catán, important sections of Morón and an ample portion of Partido de la Matanza.

According to the Spanish laws, the lands belonged to Francisco de Merlo, however, the territory was inhabited by indigenous tribes called Querandíes and Araucanos, whose recurrent raids led Merlo to build a small hamlet around his ranch as a refuge for many families. Don Francisco also erected a private chapel in the place, near the “Royal Road”, a road that linked Buenos Aires with Lima, the capital of the Viceroyalty of Perú. The chapel was consecrated to Nuestra Señora del Camino and to San Antonio de Padua. In 1742 fifteen families resided in the village.

After several unsuccessful attempts, Merlo wrote a letter to the King Felipe V of Spain in order to request permission for the legal foundation of the town. On August 7th, 1755 the authorization to found the town was conceded. Twenty days later -August 28th- the prosperous village received the name of Villa de San Antonio del Camino. Don Francisco de Merlo y Barbosa died on April 4th, 1778. His vaste estate was divided among his descendants (twelve children) and the Mercedarian Order.

In 1859, the architect Pedro Benoit was assigned to rebuild the church and to draw the map of the town including the thirteen squares that belonged to the church and eighty seven squares else donated by Manuela Calderón, widow of Pearson, and by her son Juan Dillon, who were the landowners of the lands in those days. Dillon was Jhon Dillon´s son, first husband of

Manuela. Juan Dillon is considered as the second founder of the village, he encouraged its development and he was its first mayor. In Dillon´s days the town started to be called Merlo. Benoit traced the basic structure of the city, which is known nowadays as the City of Merlo, and that once was named Villa de San Antonio del Camino.

Bibliography:

• Rotary Club, San Antonio de Padua´s site, 2005. www.paduaweb.com.ar/historia
• Schreiber, César, “Contribución al Conocimiento de la Naturaleza y el Hombre de la Región-Moreno- Provincia de Buenos Aires”, 1995. www.moreno.gov.ar/partidodemoreno/historiademoreno4aspx
• Portal Oficial de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, 2009. www.gob.gba.gov.ar/cdi/